The colony size and breeding success of Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) on Goudier Island, monitored annually 1996 - 2020. The data presented here includes the number of breeding pairs, the number of chicks that hatched from their eggs (approximately the mid-point in the annual breeding season) and the number of chicks present in creches at defined sub-colonies prior to fledging.

These data comprise diatom species frequency and environmental (geographic and limnological) data from 64 lakes on subantarctic Marion Island (46deg55''S, 37deg45''E) that were collected in April-May 2011. 143 diatom species were identified from the lake waters. Environmental data consist of Ca, K, Mg, Na, Fe, Al, Cl, SO4, NO3, NO2, NH4, P, HCO3, pH, conductivity, water temperature, and salinity measurements. Geographical data consist of Latitude, Longitude, Altitude, and geological substrate parameters. This work forms part of the thesis of van Nieuwenhuyze (2015). This work was funded by Belgian Science Policy Office project CCAMBIO (SD/BA/03) and a Research Foundation-Flanders travel bursary awarded to E. Verleyen.

100 nests in designated Adelie and Chinstrap penguin colonies are marked and then regularly monitored. Data are collected on when eggs are laid in each nest, when they hatch, when eggs or chicks are lost, and when chicks become unguarded. Data exist from 1996 onwards. For Adelie penguins, 100 nests in a colony designated A41 was monitored between 1996 and 2002, from 2003 onwards 100 nests in a colony designated A39 were monitored. For Chinstrap penguins, 100 nests in a colony designated A69 were monitored between 1996 and 2015, from 2016 onwards, 100 nests in a colony designated C66 were monitored. No data were collected in the 1997-98, 1999-2000 and 2010-2011 seasons. To calculate the annual hatching date a binomial model was fitted using the proportion of nests containing one or more chicks as the response variable and the date in days after 1 Oct as the explanatory variable. This model was fitted for each species and year separately. The dose.p function in the MASS package in R was used to derive the day when 50% of nests contained one or more chicks to produce the mean hatching date for each species-year combination. Mean laying dates were back-calculated from the mean hatching dates by subtracting the average incubation periods for each species (35 days for Adelies and 36.4 days for chinstraps, which are relatively constant between years). This has been calculated for data from 1996 to 2016.

This dataset captures annual measurements of body mass for Adelie penguin chicks at Signy Island, from 1997 until 2020. Between 50 and 100 chicks are measured on beaches immediately prior to their departure, with 3-5 weighing sessions carried out annually per species in the period before fledging is complete. This monitoring contributes to the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) and is part of the annual seabird Long Term Monitoring Science carried out by the British Antarctic Survey at Signy Island. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

The weight of Antarctic fur seal pups at Main Bay on Bird Island have been measured since 1973. 50 pups on the beach and 50 pups in the Tussac grass at the back of the beach are sexed and weighed in January, February and March each year. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

The chronology of Gentoo penguins on Bird Island, South Georgia has been monitored since 1988 (no data for 1989-90 or 1990-91). 30 nests are marked in the colony at Square Pond, and 40 in the Johnson Beach colony. Regular checks are made to record when eggs are laid and the peak laying date (when 75% of nests have eggs) is calculated. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

100 nests in designated Adelie and Chinstrap penguin colonies are marked and then regularly monitored. Data are collected on when eggs are laid in each nest, when they hatch, when eggs or chicks are lost, and when chicks become unguarded. Data exist from 1996 onwards. For Adelie penguins, 100 nests in a colony designated A41 was monitored between 1996 and 2002, from 2003 onwards 100 nests in a colony designated A39 were monitored. For Chinstrap penguins, 100 nests in a colony designated A69 were monitored between 1996 and 2015, from 2016 onwards, 100 nests in a colony designated C66 were monitored. No data were collected in the 1997-98, 1999-2000 and 2010-2011 seasons. To calculate the annual hatching date a binomial model was fitted using the proportion of nests containing one or more chicks as the response variable and the date in days after 1 Oct as the explanatory variable. This model was fitted for each species and year separately. The dose.p function in the MASS package in R was used to derive the day when 50% of nests contained one or more chicks to produce the mean hatching date for each species-year combination. Mean laying dates were back-calculated from the mean hatching dates by subtracting the average incubation periods for each species (35 days for Adelies and 36.4 days for chinstraps, which are relatively constant between years). This has been calculated for data from 1996 to 2016.

The breeding success (calculated from nest and chick counts) of Gentoo penguins is monitored annually at Maiviken, South Georgia. The number of incubating nests and chicks reaching fledging stage are counted. Data exist from 2010 onwards. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

Counts of Antarctic fur seal individuals encountered daily at the Special Study Beach (SSB) at Bird Island, South Georgia. The SSB demographic study started in 1982 and has continued with consistent data collection methods to date. Daily values include total counts of territorial males, new females, all females present in the afternoon, new pups born, and number of dead pups. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

Macaroni penguins spend the winter at sea and return to colonies on land during the austral spring to reproduce. Arrival weights of male and female Macaroni penguins on Bird Island, South Georgia have been monitored since 1988. The current protocol is that 50 males are weighed on 28th October and 50 females on 8th November. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.